Beiträge

Function of ETCS

The function of ETCS, unifies all train control system on the European rail network. It replaces conventional country-specific train control systems, but it offers more than that. It is upward and downward compatible, in other words, an ETCS-equipped train can accept and process signals from several train protection systems.

Above all, the different levels, i.e. different technical states, shape the railroad world to an enormous extent. Incidentally, the mode of operation of the respective levels varies widely. The entire range of railroad technology is represented, from driving on sight to driving at a braking distance. The function of ETCS is therefore the central train control technology in Europe and overseas. All the relevant processes are considered in this explanatory video.

Definition of tram

The tram is a transport system that cannot easily be squeezed into a concrete scheme. It takes on the most diverse forms and modes of operation in the cities across the world. In this chapter, we will discuss all relevant forms of operation, both in front of and behind the scenes. In addition to the classic one-way tram, there’s also bi-directional operation. Or the tram independent of road traffic. More inconspicuous to the passenger are other forms of development, such as operation with signaling systems, depot control systems, or speed monitoring systems.

Thought one stage ahead, the tram system can occasionally be conceptualized as a train configuration coupled to each other.And last but not least, there are trams that do not even touch road traffic in any way. Especially with the last-mentioned developments, they are already initial stages or already converted systems of a light rail or subway, for which separate definitions apply in each case.